«Una grande epoca di transizione si avvicina»: autonomismo e associazionismo nella Carta del Carnaro e nel Manifesto di Macomer (1920)

Within the postwar period, marked by the so-called Red Biennium, in Sardinia and in the Italian Regency of Carnaro, two revolutionary movements stood out. The Charter of Carnaro and the Macomer Manifest represent a sort of litmus test of this irreversible crisis. They interpreted the authentic spirit of the time, with the purpose of offering a political and legal solution to the bourgeois parlamentarism. They animadverted on the values derived from the French Revo lutions (‘abstract citizen’, formal equality). The re-emergence of the associations led these movements to conceive a new pattern based on a Republic characterized by autonomism and associationism. Once the Fascism got a stable foothold, these groundbreaking blueprints were mystified or banished. In the aftermath of the fas cist decay, Lussu would renovate his purposes during the Constituent Assembly debates. After his retirement Lussu’s ideas would reemerge on the occasion of the italian regional reform.