In-Flight Analysis

Some important experimental techniques used to characterize “in flight” nanoparticles (NPs) generated by gas physical synthesis are reviewed. This kind of studies presents some advantages with respect to the ones on supported NPs, as the NPs are free from interactions with the substrate, which can modify their original properties. The chapter is focused on the studies of structure, electronic and magnetic properties following a historical approach, from the first experiments performed in the 1970s and 1980s to very recent works with innovative methods and instruments, like third generation synchrotron radiation sources and free electron lasers. This activity opens new opportunities for fundamental studies and applications of these building blocks of advanced materials.