From dark matter to a bright school: an interdisciplinary educational pathway through cosmology

Modern physics is often kept out of high school classes. This project challenges this practice, making selected concepts in cosmology accessible and engaging, allowing students to connect familiar physics tools with the frontiers of science. Time constraints and the belief that contemporary physics is too complex usually discourage its inclusion. Yet, cosmology is not separate, but a natural extension of Newtonian mechanics: selected modern topics – such as dark matter – can be quantitatively addressed with tools already taught, like gravitational force or centripetal acceleration, to analyse real data. Using these links, the project will (i) introduce frontier science in a quantitative way through simple analysis of real cosmological data, (ii) test whether these unusual contexts help correct misconceptions on force and gravity, and (iii) establish a community of practice in the Modena area. We will create teacher-led, automated modules on key cosmological themes, each with ready-to-run simulations, scaffolded activities and concise background materials. These modules will serve a dual role: as a self-contained journey into modern cosmology and as a playground for core topics in Newtonian mechanics, complementing traditional examples. The modules will run on an offline-capable, device-agnostic digital platform, incorporating real cosmological datasets, such as galaxy rotation curves, designed for low preparation time, clear teacher guidance, and quantitative, discovery-based learning. The platform will also provide exportable evidence of learning. Careful technological choices will ensure scalability and long-term sustainability well beyond the project’s duration, maximizing its educational impact. Co-design and iterative classroom testing will be carried out from the outset leveraging collaboration with pilot schools and the Planetarium in the Modena district. A peer-led teachers training course will support long-term integration, establishing a first community of practice in Modena. The innovative approach lies in merging real scientific data-based inquiry with familiar curriculumbased tools, enabling students to “do” cosmology and strengthening their confidence in quantitative reasoning and the scientific method. The project is fully aligned with the new national STEM guidelines introduced in 2023. Achieving these challenging goals requires an interdisciplinary team combining advanced cosmology, didactical expertise and computer-science skills. The project is expected to spark genuine vocations in STEM studies, supporting a territory rich in high-tech industries and fostering a skilled workforce that contributes to innovation and competitiveness. More broadly, the project aims to help forming a new generation of scientifically literate citizens.