Turbulence Modelling in CFD Simulations of ICE Intake Flows: The Discharge Coefficient Prediction

The paper is focused on the influence of theeddy viscosity turbulence models (EVM) in CFD threedimensionalsimulations of steady turbulent engineintake flows in order to assess their reliability inpredicting the discharge coefficient. Results have beenanalyzed by means of the comparison with experimentalmeasurements at the steady flow bench. High Reynoldslinear and non-linear and RNG k-ε models have beenused for simulation, revealing the strong influence ofboth the constitutive relation and the ε-equationformulation on the obtained results, while limits in theapplicability of more sophisticated near-wall approachesare briefly discussed in the paper.Due to the extreme complexity of typical ICEflows and geometries, the analysis of the behavior ofEVM turbulence models has been subsequently appliedto a test-case available in literature, i.e. a high-Reynoldscompressible flow over a inclined backward facing step(BFS). Different high-Reynolds and low-Reynolds linearand quadratic k-ε models, linear and quadratic RNG k-εmodels and linear and quadratic two-layer models havebeen used for simulation. The predicted mean velocityprofiles at different locations along the duct have beencompared versus experiments available in literature.