Functional specialization and network connectivity in brain function

Do mental processes depend from ‘localized’ brain regions or are they ‘global’ resulting from the integrated functioning of the brain as a whole? Brain lesion studies and neuroimaging methods have given evidence of both interpretations, allowing contemporary neuroscience to reach the conclusion that localized regions of the brain do carry out specific cognitive functions but they do so through multiple and complex interactions with many other brain regions forming large-scale networks.