Electromagnetic moments and fields induced by nuclear spin, vibrational electric and magnetic field at the nuclei, and nuclear electromagnetic couplings in molecules

The electromagnetic moments induced in the electrons of a molecule by a nuclear spin can be rationalized in terms of nuclear electromagnetic shielding tensors. The vibrational motion of a nucleus perturbs the electrons and gives rise to induced electric and magnetic fields at the other nuclei. This effect is discussed introducing nuclear electric and electromagnetic coupling tensors, which are related to nuclear shieldings and other molecular properties by a series of sum rules.