Valorization of wastes, “end of waste” and by-products using hot and cold techniques

The Framework Directive 2008/98/EC, implemented in Italy by Legislative Decree no. 205/2010, in addition to reporting specific criteria and targets, gave the impression of a new cultural attitude that offers the combination of sustainable use of resources coupled with sustainable management of waste. The adoption of the best available technologies for processing and valorization respects first of all the proximity of the production of the waste. The final aim is the increase of recycling practice to reduce the pressure on the demand for raw materials with a double effect: reuse valuable materials, that would otherwise end up as waste, and reduce energy consumption and emissions of greenhouse gases in the process of extraction and machining. By 2020, we must manage waste as a resource through those instruments and actions that will affect the diffusion of wastes separated collection, promotion of efficient and of high-quality recycling. Contemporary we will assist to the development of markets for the new raw materials obtained by waste recovery and energy recovery limited to the non-recyclable materials regardless of the decrease in per capita and the removal of illegal shipments as well as the landfill.