Driving Manufacturing Companies toward Industry 5.0: A Strategic Framework for Process Technological Sustainability Assessment (P-TSA)

This study explores the complex nexus between technological innovation, Industry 4.0's transformative paradigm, and the emerging concept of Industry 5.0, highlighting the critical role of integrating sustainability into factories to enhance organizational competitiveness. In this context, confusion arises between the terms "sustainable technologies" and "technological sustainability" due to two factors: the misuse of the terms as synonyms and the misattribution of conceptual meaning to each term. To clarify this ambiguity, this study validates a conceptual framework for technological sustainability by examining the processes of a ceramic manufacturing company. This assessment highlights the potential of technological sustainability and its associated measurement model to facilitate the transition from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0. This research provides fundamental insights into technological sustainability and serves as a guide for future empirical efforts aimed at achieving a balanced and sustainable integration of technology into manufacturing practices.