Pathological fractures in patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis induced by antiretroviral therapy

Osteopenia and osteoporosis have recently been included among the metabolic complications of antiretroviral therapy. Its pathogenesis and particularly the role of each individual medication are poorly understood. Pathological bone fractureshave never been observed in patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis. Previously described case reports, in fact, refer to fractures due to avascular necrosis or osteonecrosis.